Symptoms
A person may not consider some symptoms of diabetes to be dangerous or even simply not notice them. The first sign of this disease is that the body is exposed to pathogenic microorganisms, which causes dry skin and slight peeling, in some cases even slight itching.
Another symptom is a feeling of constant thirst and dry mouth.
The third sign of the disease is very frequent urination.
With all this, the patient may also increase appetite.
These signs of diabetes mellitus are not necessarily manifested in a complex, often they are even completely absent.
Prevention
First of all, you need to take care of the normalization of weight and do physical exercises every day. During exercise, muscles absorb almost 20 times more glucose. The most useful are swimming, cycling and walking. In this case, the load does not have to be large. Cleaning the apartment, refusing the elevator, and even the usual daily walk are quite comparable with training on simulators.
Diet
A faithful assistant in the prevention of diabetes is diet. It is necessary to reduce the amount of fat consumed and eliminate the use of alcohol. Particularly dangerous are hidden fats contained in sausages, sausages, sausages, fatty cheeses. The main dishes that should be consumed every day should be vegetable side dishes, which, by the way, are also sources of potassium. However, it should be noted that when cooking vegetables, a large amount of potassium is lost, so vegetables such as potatoes, carrots and beets are best baked. In unlimited quantities, you can eat tomatoes, cucumbers, pumpkin, zucchini and eggplant, celery, Jerusalem artichoke. Legumes and nuts are rich sources of potassium. The diet should include a lot of protein. Boiled fish and other seafood, white poultry meat is very useful.
Foods that contain easily digestible carbohydrates should be excluded from the menu – sugar, chocolate, sweets, ice cream, cakes, condensed milk, sweet drinks and jam. It is also desirable to limit the consumption of foods rich in cholesterol, since their use significantly increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis. Such products include mayonnaise, egg yolk, fatty dairy products.
Useful in small quantities are fish oil and vegetable oils.
Prevention of diabetes is also maintaining a positive emotional spirit. Constant stress, depression, nervous exhaustion can lead to the development of the disease. It is worth avoiding situations that make you nervous, find options for getting out of a depressive state.
At-risk groups
The risk group includes those women whose weight has increased by more than 17 kg during pregnancy, as well as those whose child was born weighing 4.5 kg or more. Prevention of diabetes mellitus in women should be started immediately after childbirth, since diabetes mellitus develops gradually and may take several years to appear. Preventive measures for women include weight gain, exercise, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Another risk factor is low blood potassium levels. This is typical with malnutrition, as well as when taking certain medications. First of all, this applies to hypertensive patients: they relieve high blood pressure with diuretics that remove potassium from the body. If the reserves of this element are not replenished, many metabolic links can be disrupted, resulting in an increased risk of diabetes. For this reason, hypertensive patients must replenish their potassium reserves all the time.